This scientific report summarizes the results of ornithological studies conducted in 2025–2026 in the Kohitang mountain range, including the Surkhon State Reserve. During the study, 137 bird species belonging to 13 orders and 34 families were recorded in the reserve, 11 of which are included in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Based on spring and autumn seasonal counts, the abundance, biotope distribution, and population dynamics of rare and predatory bird species, including Gypaetus barbatus, Aquila chrysaetos, Aegypius monachus, Gyps fulvus, Ciconia nigra, and others, were analyzed. The results provide a scientific and practical basis for improving the conservation and monitoring of the avifauna of the Kohitang Mountains.